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Commit 912dfb39 authored by nilsl's avatar nilsl
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linux_toolkit_2021/LICENSE 0 → 100644
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MIT License
Copyright (c) 2021 Nils Leuzinger
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
linux_toolkit_2021/README.md 0 → 100644
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# Crashcourse personal/course Website
This is a crash course into web development. Do you want to create your own personal (research?) webpage, customize a theme, or event want to become a web developer? This will help you to get started.
We will introduce HTML, CSS, JavaScript and PHP and add some design / user experience on the way. You need no prior knowledge, and need not to be a programmer. After the course, you can get started with your simple research webpage, or embark on the journey to become a web developer.
## Inhalt
This course will give you a basic understanding of everything you need to create websites.
Chapters:
- HTML: Structure your content.
- CSS: Design.
- JavaScript: Functionality in the browser.
- PHP: Generate content on the server.
For each chapter, we will see easy applications for personal webpage concepts. Further, we will quickly discuss resources & technologies for aspiring developers.
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body { font-family: sans-serif; }
h1, h2, h3 {
font-family: serif;
font-weight: normal;
}
.remark-code, .remark-inline-code { font-family: monospace; }
.inverted { color: white; background: black; }
.rectangle {
display: inline-block;
background: #9FCFF8;
width: 60px;
height: 20px;
padding: 50px;
margin: 20px;
border: 10px solid #FFE599;
}
.row {
display: flex;
}
.column {
flex-basis: 0;
flex-grow: 1;
max-width: 100%;
}
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@media print {
.remark-slide-scaler {
width: 100% !important;
height: 100% !important;
transform: scale(1) !important;
top: 0 !important;
left: 0 !important;
}
}
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<title>Hello, world!</title>
<meta name="description" content="A simple HTML document.">
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<p>This demonstrates a simple HTML document.</p>
</body>
</html>
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linux_toolkit_2021/example_02_position.html 0 → 100644
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<title>Hello, positions!</title>
<meta name="description" content="A HTML document demonstrating positioning.">
<style>
.container-outer {
position: relative;
top: 10px;
width: 100%;
height: 90px;
background-color: blue;
}
.container-inner {
position: absolute;
top: 50px;
right: 50px;
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
background-color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container-outer">
<div class="container-inner">
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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linux_toolkit_2021/example_03_datatable.html 0 → 100644
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<title>Hello, table!</title>
<meta name="description" content="A HTML document with an interactive table.">
<!-- jQuery -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script>
<!-- DataTable -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.23/css/jquery.dataTables.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.10.23/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function () {
$('.table-interactive').DataTable();
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, table!</h1>
<p>This demonstrates an interactive table.</p>
<table class="table table-interactive">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Timmy</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Santa Clause</td>
<td>-1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
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linux_toolkit_2021/example_04_masonry.html 0 → 100644
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<title>Hello, masonry!</title>
<meta name="description" content="A HTML document with a masonry.">
<!-- jQuery -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script>
<!-- Masonry -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/masonry-layout@4/dist/masonry.pkgd.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function () {
$('.grid').masonry({
itemSelector: '.grid-item',
});
});
</script>
<style>
.grid { width: 840px; background-color: #efefef; }
.grid-item { width: 200px; height: 20px; background-color: #618b55; margin: 5px; }
.grid-item--width2 { width: 410px; }
.grid-item--height2 { height: 40px; }
.grid-item--height4 { height: 80px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, masonry!</h1>
<p>This demonstrates a masonry.</p>
<div class="grid">
<div class="grid-item grid-item--height4"></div>
<div class="grid-item grid-item--width2"></div>
<div class="grid-item grid-item--height2"></div>
<div class="grid-item"></div>
<div class="grid-item grid-item--height2"></div>
<div class="grid-item"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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linux_toolkit_2021/index.html 0 → 100644
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Linux Toolkit</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/remark.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="css/remark.print.css">
<style>
img {
width: 40%;
}
.remark-inline-code {
color: #f18a21;
}
strong {
color: #f18a21;
}
body {
line-height: 2em;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<textarea id="source">
class: center, middle
# Linux Toolbox
<img src="images/thealternative-logo.jpg" width="30%">
---
# We will see
...a short **Bash** introduction, to get the necessary intuition for what most tools in this course do.
...how most classic Linux tools **compose**.
...a wide spectrum of available **tools** and what you can do with them.
---
# Goals
Reduce unknown unknowns (`what's available?`, `what do I search for?`, etc).
Give a rough intuition for what classic Linux tools can do.
Provide pointers for where to learn the tools.
Learn vocabulary.
Non-goal: teach you how to use the tools - I would love to, but we don't have time!
---
```bash
file=$(ls -tp1 ~/Downloads | grep -v "/$" | head -1)
dirs='Images,Videos,Documents,Documents/books,DELETE,OPEN'
choice=$(echo $dirs | rofi -dmenu -sep ',' -p "move '$file' where? ")
[[ "$choice" = "" ]] && exit
[[ "$choice" = DELETE ]] && rm ~/Downloads/"$file" && exit
[[ "$choice" = OPEN ]] && xdg-open ~/Downloads/"$file" && exit
mv ~/Downloads/"$file" "$choice"
```
safe the above in `/home/nils/filer.sh` and add a few lines of text in `~/.xbindkeysrc`:
```
"bash /home/nils/filer.sh"
control+shift+f
```
---
# How to use this talk
- pick and choose the tools that seem interesting to you and try to learn them
- come back to the slides and use them as a glossary for unknown words
- ...or just be amused with what people come up with
---
# Some philosophy
Many of the classical Linux tools adhere to the "UNIX principle":
<blockquote>Do one thing and do it well.</blockquote>
In a wider, non-programming sense: It's useful to
learn things that are small, orthogonal, and compose.
# Bash
Related words: terminal, terminal emulator, shell, command line, ...
<img src="images/bash.png">
In a nutshell:
Bash is a tool that let's you interact with your computer via text.
**Try it out:** Open a terminal (just search for `Terminal` in your launcher)
---
# Bash Commands
Bash let's you interact with your computer by typing commands.
There are **many** commands. Some examples:
`ls`, `pwd`, `echo`, `cd`, `mv`, `sleep`, `alias`, ...
Some commands are built into Bash, others can be downloaded.
Some commands are really just programs: try typing `firefox` and hitting Enter if you have it installed.
---
# TODO ls & cd video
---
# TODO: vocab
---
# Bash For Programming
Bash can even be used as a (terrible) programming language, using commands like `for`, `if`, `while`, `[[` etc.
It also makes use of special constructs that aren't commands (e.g. arithmetic expansion: `echo $((5+3))`)
We'll only bother with `|` and `>` ("piping" and "redirecting").
---
# | and >
Two incredibly useful Bash features!
Both redirect command output:
- `|` redirects to a new command ("piping")
- `>` redirects into a file ("file redirection" or "redirection" for short)
<img src="images/cat.png" width="30%">
<img src="images/catpipe.png" width="30%">
<img src="images/catpiperedirection.png" width="30%">
---
# bash summary
bash is a different way of interacting with your system
bash runs in your terminal.
bash is a shell. there are others: Zsh, fish, Dash, csh
resources:
- our bash guide (https://thealternative.ch/guides/bash.php)
- Lhunath and GreyCat's bash guide (http://mywiki.wooledge.org/FullBashGuide)
---
# bash power
Move all `.png` files from Downloads to Images:
```bash
mv ~/Downloads/*.png ~/Images`
```
go to our images, make a new directory, and move newest five images there:
```bash
cd ~/Images
mkdir newImages
ls -1t *.png | head -5 | xargs -I {} mv {} newImages
```
rename all images in a folder to `*_with_family`:
```bash
for file in *.png; do
mv "$file" "$file_with_family"
done
```
---
# Tool Galore
We will now talk about multiple tools and how to combine them using bash (mostly).
---
# Scripting Languages
bash is not ideal as a programming language.for more complex jobs,a real programming language is needed.
two main choices:
- Python (recommended for beginners)
- Ruby (only if you already know programming; compact syntax)
these fill niches that bash doesn't, but are still close to the system.
<img src="images/polygon.png">
---
# Notifications
typically linux has a notification demon integrated.
```bash
notify-send "Hello"
```
this is often useful for things that you want to run in the background.
Example: Timer
```bash
sleep 300; notify-send "Time is up!"
```
---
# Rofi
can be used to display a list of things
and then let's us choose one of them.
```bash
echo "one\ntwo\nthree" | rofi -dmenu
```
on its own is not useful, but can serve as a powerful launcher when combined with other things:
```bash
ls -1 ~/Documents/books/*.pdf | rofi -dmenu | xargs -I {} evince {}
```
https://github.com/davatorium/rofi
---
# xbindkeys
A **keydeamon**! Let's us configure keyboard shortcuts.
in file `~/.xbindkeysrc`:
```bash
"notify-send test"
control+t
"ls -1 ~/Documents/books/*.pdf | rofi -dmenu | xargs -I {} evince {}"
control+Mod1+b
```
<img src="images/booklauncher.png">
---
```bash
file=$(ls -tp1 ~/Downloads | grep -v "/$" | head -1)
dirs='Images,Videos,Documents,Documents/books,DELETE,OPEN'
choice=$(echo $dirs | rofi -dmenu -sep ',' -p "move '$file' where? ")
[[ "$choice" = "" ]] && exit
[[ "$choice" = DELETE ]] && rm ~/Downloads/"$file" && exit
[[ "$choice" = OPEN ]] && xdg-open ~/Downloads/"$file" && exit
mv ~/Downloads/"$file" "$choice"
```
safe the above in `/home/nils/filer.sh` and add a few lines of text in `~/.xbindkeysrc`:
```
"bash /home/nils/filer.sh"
control+shift+f
```
---
# grep
a command to look for **regular expressions**.
think of regular expressions as being text patterns on steroids:
`grep "^[0-9]" data.csv` prints all the lines starting with a number
we can try a multiple greps together to chain filters:
<img src="images/">
<img src="images/">
<img src="images/">
---
# sed
**s**tream **ed**itor
this tool can search for regular expressions like we did with `grep`,
and perform various operations on each output line separately
---
# find
a general purpose tool for finding various files according to search filters.
especially nice if used with xargs-style option or regular expressions:
Remove all files (`-type f`) that end in .php (`*.php`):
```bash
find . -type f -name "*.php" -exec rm {} \;
```
Display all files that contain a comment that contains `TODO`:
```bash
find ~/Documents -type f -exec grep -l "//.*TODO" {} \;
```
---
# file conversion
sometimes you want to convert between similar file formats. there are a lot of tools for this.most are specific for some kind of file content.here are some common ones:
- `ffmpeg` for audio and video
- `pandoc` for many hierarchical text formats (mark down, html, latex)
- `pandoc` for image files
<hr>
Using a bash for-loop, convert all `wav`-files to `mp3`:
```bash
for file in *.wav; do
ffmpeg -i "$file" "${file%.*}.mp3"
done
```
(what `ffmpeg` sees: `ffmpeg -i song.wav song.mp3`)
---
# Downloading stuff
</textarea>
<script src="js/remark.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/remark.driver.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</body>
</html>
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var slideshow = remark.create();
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