Merge branch 'master' of gitlab.ethz.ch:thealternative/courses

FOSS_course/data/web_os.csv

 Name,percent
-Unix,71.4
-Windows,28.6
+Unix,71.0
+Windows,29.0

FOSS_course/data/web_servers.csv

 Name,percent
-Apache,40.5
-Nginx,31.7
-Cloudflare Server,13.2
-Microsoft-IIS,7.8
-other,5.8
+Apache,36.1
+Nginx,32.5
+Cloudflare Server,16.0
+Microsoft-IIS,7.7
+other,7.7

FOSS_course/resouces_for_revision.md

+# for the slide detailing that cryptography/security should be FOSS
+
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerckhoffs%27s_principle

FOSS_course/slides.tex

 \input{../.style/header}
 
 \title{Free and Open Source Software}
-\author{Horea Christian}
+\author{Alexander Schoch}
 \institute{SSC TheAlternative | ETHZ and UZH}
 
 \DTLloaddb{server}{data/web_servers.csv}
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@
 						\vspace{-0.75em}
 						\centering\tiny
 							\DTLpiechart{radius=0.235\textheight,variable=\quantity,innerlabel={\DTLpiepercent\%},outerlabel=\name,cutaway={1-2}}{server}{\name=Name,\quantity=percent}
-							\caption{Web Server Market Share 2020-02-26 via \href{http://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/web_server/all}{w3techs}}
+							\caption{Web Server Market Share 2020-10-06 via \href{http://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/web_server/all}{w3techs}}
 						\end{figure}
 					\column{0.5\linewidth}
 						\begin{figure}[htbp]
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
 	\DTLsetpiesegmentcolor{1}{green!40}
 	\DTLsetpiesegmentcolor{2}{red!40}
 							\DTLpiechart{radius=0.265\textheight,variable=\quantity,innerlabel={\DTLpiepercent\%},outerlabel=\name,cutaway={2}}{os}{\name=Name,\quantity=percent}
-							\caption{Website OS Market Share 2020-02-26 via \href{http://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/operating_system/all}{w3techs}}
+							\caption{Website OS Market Share 2020-10-06 via \href{http://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/operating_system/all}{w3techs}}
 						\end{figure}
 				\end{columns}
 			\end{frame}
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@
 					\item Come to the next “Linux Days” events:
 					\textcolor{lg}{\url{http://thealternative.ch/}}
 					\item Join the next “Stammtisch”:\\
-					\textcolor{lg}{18:00 Thursday, March 5 - Katholische Hochschulgemeinde Zürich AKI, 2nd floor, Hirschengraben 86, 8001}
+					\textcolor{lg}{This will not take place due to the coronavirus}
 					\item Give us feedback!\\
 					\textcolor{lg}{\url{https://feedback.thealternative.ch/}}
 				\end{itemize}
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@
 				\end{itemize}
 				%separate sources from info so it looks nicer
 				\begin{itemize}
-					\item \textcolor{lg}{License:} \href{https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/}{CC BY-SA 4.0}
+					\item \textcolor{lg}{License:} \href{https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/}{Slides by Alexander Schoch/Christian Horea, CC BY-SA 4.0}
 				\end{itemize}
 			\end{frame}
 			\begin{frame}{References}

README.md

-This is a public repository that contains a collection of our current (and past) LinuxDays courses.
-
-# Downloading the course material
+# Courses
 
-Our course material (slides and several guides) are available as PDFs:
-
-- [Free and Open Source Software](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/FOSS_course/slides.pdf)
-- [Introduction to Linux](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/intro_course/slides.pdf)
-- [Install Guide](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/install_event/installguide_complete.pdf)
-- [Console Toolkit Part 1](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/console_toolkit/console_toolkit_1.pdf)
-- [Console Toolkit Part 1&2](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/console_toolkit/console_toolkit_2.pdf)
-- [Console Toolkit Exercises](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/console_toolkit/exercise_files/exercises.pdf)
-- [Bash Course (Slides)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/bash_course/pres/pres.pdf)
-- [Bash Course (Guide)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/bash_course/guide/guide.pdf)
-- [Bash Course Exercises](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/bash_course/exercisesheet/sheet.pdf) and [Solutions](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/bash_course/exercisesheet/sol.pdf)
+This is a public repository that contains a collection of our current (and past) LinuxDays courses.
 
+Introduction:
+- [Free and Open Source Software (.pdf)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/FOSS_course/slides.pdf)
+- [Introduction to Linux (.pdf)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/intro_course/slides.pdf)
+- [Install Guide](https://thealternative.ch/guides/install.php)
+- [Bash Guide](https://thealternative.ch/guides/bash.php)
+
+Console & Bash:
+- [Console Toolkit Part 1 (.pdf)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/console_toolkit/console_toolkit_1.pdf)
+- [Console Toolkit Part 1&2 (.pdf)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/console_toolkit/console_toolkit_2.pdf)
+- [Console Toolkit Exercises (.pdf)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/console_toolkit/exercise_files/exercises.pdf)
+- [Bash Course (Slides) (.pdf)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/bash_course/pres/pres.pdf)
+- [Bash Course (Guide) (.pdf)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/bash_course/guide/guide.pdf)
+- [Bash Course Exercises (.pdf)](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/bash_course/exercisesheet/sheet.pdf) and [Solutions](https://gitlab.ethz.ch/thealternative/courses/blob/master/bash_course/exercisesheet/sol.pdf)
+
+Tools:
+- [Git](https://thealternative.ch/courses/git/git.html)
 
 # Cloning the repository
 

bash_course/pres/firstslide.md

 # Welcome to the Bash Workshop!
 
-  * If you prefer to work on your own, already know programming or are confident in your abilities, please **sit in the back**.
-
-<!-- -->
-
- * If you prefer guided exercises, are completely new to programming, or want to have your hands held, please **sit in the front**.
+* Please turn of your camera for the lecture part of the course, we only have 2GB of RAM on this server
 
+* If there are any technical problems, let me know!

bash_course/pres/pres.md

 ---
 author:
-- Aline Abler
+- Nicolas König
 title: Bash Workshop
 ---
 
@@ -78,19 +78,19 @@ title: Bash Workshop
 
 ### Meaning of strings
 
-    echo Hello World
+    ls my file 
 
-* `echo`, `Hello` and `World` are single strings
+* `ls`, `my` and `file` are single strings
 * The first string becomes the command, all following become
     *arguments*
 
 <!-- -->
 
-    echo 'Hello World'
+    ls 'my file'
 
-* Here, `Hello World` is just one string
+* Here, `my file` is just one string
 
-### Repeat after me
+### Remember!
 
 \bigtext{Every word is a single argument unless you use quotes.}
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ title: Bash Workshop
 
         [[1==3]]
 
-* Bash's answer:        
+* Bash's answer:
 
         bash: [[1==3]]: command not found
 
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ title: Bash Workshop
 
         [[ 1 == 3 ]]
 
-### Repeat after me
+### Remember!
 
 \bigtext{If there's brackets, you probably need spaces.}
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ title: Bash Workshop
 * What bash sees
 
         0
-                        
+
 ### Why is that important?
 
 * *&&*, *||*, *if* and *while* all act based on the return value of something
@@ -207,10 +207,41 @@ becomes
 
         rm "$var"
 
-### Repeat after me:
+### Remember!
 
 \bigtext{If there's a dollar, you probably need quotes!}
 
+## Piping
+
+### Glueing programs together
+
+* Pipes allow us to connect different programs
+* The output of one program is used as the input for another
+
+### Glueing programs together
+
+	du -b
+
+lists the size of all directories within the current one
+
+	sort -n
+
+sorts the input numerically. So
+
+	du -b | sort -n
+
+gives us a list of all subdirectories sorted by size.
+
+### Glueing programs together
+
+	ls -l | cut -d' ' -f3 | sort | uniq
+
+Complicated functionality can be created from very simple programs.
+
+### Remember!
+
+\bigtext{If you want to connect programs, you probably want pipes!}
+
 # What bash is used for
 
 ## The whole point of bash
@@ -252,22 +283,20 @@ becomes
 ## What happens now?
 
 ### Hands on!
+#### Guided exercises
+* Solve easy exercises in plenum
+* Tailored to complete beginners
+
 #### Self-driven exercises
 * Self study using a guide
 * Try some of our exercises
 * Choose the exercises you find interesting! No need to go in order.
 
-#### Guided exercises
-* Solve easy exercises in plenum
-* Tailored to complete beginners
-* Please sit in the front
-
 ### Course material
 * These slides, exercise sheet and bash guide: \
     \soft{http://thealternative.ch}
-* Please leave some feedback! \
-    \soft{http://feedback.thealternative.ch}
 
 <!-- -->
 
 * \soft{Theme by} Christian Horea, [CC BY](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
+* \soft{Original Presentation by} Aline Abler

console_toolkit/source/exercises/Makefile

+TEX=latexmk
+TEXOPTS=-output-directory=build \
+		-pdf \
+		-latexoption=-interaction=nonstopmode \
+		-latexoption=-file-line-error
+
+# Set PREVIEW=1 to enable preview. Make sure an appropriate viewer is
+# configured in $HOME/.latexmkrc.
+# Example usage: make PREVIEW=1 opendata
+ifdef PREVIEW
+PREVIEWOPTS=-pvc
+endif
+
+defaul: exercises
+
+# To include the current git revision in the header, write it to 'GIT_TAG'
+# file, which the LaTeX source can include.
+gitrev:
+	@printf "r%s.%s" "$$(git rev-list --count HEAD)" "$$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)" > GIT_TAG
+
+# Create build directory if it doesnt exist
+builddir:
+	@[ -d build ] || mkdir build
+
+# All documents need to be compiled twice.
+# This is because some necessary information is only available after
+# the first compiler run, like \pageref{LastPage}.
+exercises: exercises.tex gitrev builddir
+	@$(TEX) $(TEXOPTS) $(PREVIEWOPTS) $<
+	mv build/exercises.pdf .
+
+clean:
+	@rm -rf build/*
+

console_toolkit/source/exercises/TheAlternativeCourse.cls

+% vim: set ft=tex:
+
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesClass{TheAlternativeCourse}
+
+% packages
+\LoadClass[11pt]{scrartcl}          % Base class: KOMA script article
+\RequirePackage[utf8]{inputenc}     % Support for german 'umlaut' (ä, ö, ü)
+\RequirePackage{lastpage}           % \pageref{LastPage}
+\RequirePackage{scrlayer-scrpage}   % KOMA Script header/footer package
+\RequirePackage{graphicx}           % \includegraphics{...}
+\RequirePackage[showseconds=false,showzone=false]{datetime2}
+\RequirePackage[table]{xcolor}
+\RequirePackage[most]{tcolorbox}
+\RequirePackage{hyperref}
+
+% helvetica font
+% \RequirePackage[scaled]{helvet}
+% \RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}
+% \renewcommand\familydefault{\sfdefault}
+
+% header / footer
+\KOMAoptions{headsepline,headheight=27.5pt}
+\setkomafont{pagehead}{\normalfont\normalcolor} % non-italic header font
+\setkomafont{pagefoot}{\normalfont\normalcolor} % non-italic footer font
+\newcommand{\builddate}{\footnotesize Revision: \input{GIT_TAG} \\ Build: \DTMNow}
+\newcommand{\thealtlogo}{\includegraphics[width=4.5cm]{assets/logo.png}}
+\lohead[\thealtlogo]{\thealtlogo}
+\rohead[\builddate]{\builddate}
+\cofoot[\footnotesize \thepage~/~\pageref{LastPage}]{\thepage~/~\pageref{LastPage}}
+\recalctypearea%
+
+\setlength{\voffset}{-1.2cm} % space before header
+\setlength{\textheight}{1.15\textheight} % height of text
+
+\definecolor{ldorange}{HTML}{F18A20}
+\definecolor{ldblue}{HTML}{254471}
+\definecolor{grey1}{HTML}{aaaaaa}
+\definecolor{grey2}{HTML}{efefef}
+\definecolor{lightblue}{HTML}{d9edfc}
+\definecolor{exclamred}{HTML}{db1515}
+
+\colorlet{lightyellow}{yellow!6!white}
+\colorlet{darkeryellow}{red!15!yellow!40!white}
+
+\newtcolorbox[auto counter, number within=section]{exercisebox}[2][]{%
+    colback=lightyellow,
+    fuzzy shadow={1mm}{-1mm}{0mm}{0.1mm}{black!50!white},
+    colframe=ldorange,
+    coltitle=black,
+    enhanced,
+    fonttitle=\bfseries,
+    title=Task~\thetcbcounter: #2,#1}
+
+\newtcolorbox{cmdbox}{%
+    colback=grey2,
+    fuzzy shadow={1mm}{-1mm}{0mm}{0.1mm}{black!50!white},
+    enhanced,
+    colframe=grey1,
+    coltitle=black,
+    enhanced}
+
+\newtcolorbox{tcbhintbox}{%
+    enhanced,
+    skin=bicolor,
+    segmentation at break=true,
+    boxrule=0.8pt,
+    left=3.5mm,
+    top=0.5mm,
+    bottom=0.5mm,
+    arc=1pt,
+    boxsep=2pt,
+    lefthand ratio=0.06,
+    sidebyside,
+    colframe=ldorange,
+    coltext=black,
+    colback=darkeryellow,
+    colbacklower=lightyellow,
+}
+
+\newcommand{\hintbox}[1]{%
+\begin{tcbhintbox}
+    \includegraphics[width=8mm]{img/light_bulb.pdf}%
+    \tcblower%
+    #1
+\end{tcbhintbox}}
+

console_toolkit/source/exercises/exercises.tex

+\documentclass{TheAlternativeCourse}
+
+\usepackage{menukeys}
+\usepackage{tabularx}
+\usepackage{float}
+\usepackage{caption}
+
+\title{Console Toolkit Exercises}
+\date{}
+\author{}
+
+\begin{document}
+\maketitle
+
+\setlength{\parindent}{0cm}
+\setlength{\parskip}{12pt}
+
+\section{Introduction}
+
+Welcome to this exercise session! This is a practical exercise on the Linux
+command line.  If you have any question about the exercises, feel free to ask
+the helpers for assistance.
+
+\subsection*{Difficulty}
+
+The exercises are designed in such a way that you will have to find solutions
+by reading the manuals and using search engines. You are expected to come up
+with appropriate solutions on your own, there will be no step-by-step guided
+exercises!
+
+There will be quite simple exercises for complete beginners at the start,
+but there are also some much more difficult ones further into the exercise.
+Feel free to skip ahead!
+
+\subsection*{Liability}
+
+By taking part in this exercise, you acknowledge that you alone are responsible
+for your computer. TheAlternative and its parent organisation, the Student
+Sustainability Commission, will not be held liable for any damages or loss of
+data.
+
+\pagebreak
+
+\section{Basics}
+
+To solve some of the exercises, you will need to download some files. Whenever
+you see an orange box like below, this means you have a task to solve.
+
+\begin{exercisebox}{Getting the repository}
+    Open a terminal and enter the following (all on one line): \\
+    \texttt{curl https://files.project21.ch/LinuxDays-Public/HS18-exercise.zip
+        -o exercises.zip} \\\\
+    Then extract the zip archive like this: \\
+    \texttt{unzip exercises.zip}
+\end{exercisebox}
+
+\subsection{Running a command}
+
+To run a command, you just type it into the console and hit enter.  Most useful
+commands require some arguments. Arguments are given after the name of the
+command, separated by spaces. There are also so-called \emph{flags}, which set
+some options to alter the behaviour of a command. They have the form
+\texttt{-x} (single letter form) or \texttt{--long-option} (long format).
+
+An example of a more involved command:
+
+\begin{cmdbox}
+\texttt{ls -l --human-readable \textasciitilde/Downloads}
+\end{cmdbox}
+
+\subsection{Getting help}
+
+\texttt{man} is a command you will need throughout the following
+exercises.  It stands for ``manual'' and shows you what almost any given
+command can do and which options are available for it.  Almost all commands
+provide such a ``manpage'', which is typically written by the developers
+themselves.
+
+\begin{exercisebox}{The manual's manual}
+    The \texttt{man} command itself has its own manpage. Type \texttt{man man}
+    to access it, use the arrow keys to scroll, and press \keys{q} to exit.
+    Have a look around, especially at the different section numbers.
+    What is the section number for system calls?
+\end{exercisebox}
+
+An alternative to using the man pages is to try and see if a command has a help
+option. This is usually displayed by appending the option \texttt{--help} after
+the name of the command, which will often display much shorter and concise
+instructions
+on how to use a command.
+
+\begin{exercisebox}{The help option}
+    Look at the help output of \texttt{ls}. What is the flag to see hidden
+    files?
+\end{exercisebox}
+
+\subsection{Navigating directories}
+
+You can navigate your file system in the terminal, just like you could with
+a graphical program. Below are the most important commands.
+
+\begin{table}[H]
+    \centering
+    \rowcolors{1}{lightblue}{white}
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[%
+        enhanced,
+        width=1.0\linewidth,
+        fuzzy shadow={1mm}{-1mm}{0mm}{0.1mm}{black!50!white},
+        tabularx={>{\centering\arraybackslash}l|>{\centering\arraybackslash}X},
+        title={Commands for navigating directories}]
+        \textbf{Command} & \textbf{Description} \\
+        \texttt{pwd} & Display the current working directory. \\
+        \texttt{tree DIR} & Get a visualization of the directory tree under
+	    \texttt{DIR}. \\
+        \texttt{ls DIR} & List all files and directories in the current
+            working directory. \\
+        \texttt{cd DIR} & Change the current working directory to the given
+            directory. \\
+    \end{tcolorbox}%
+    \label{tab1}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{exercisebox}{Making yourself at home}
+    Have a look around your home directory and try out the mentioned commands.
+    You will most likely recognise the layout from your graphical file browser.
+    Remember you can always return to your home directory by running
+    \texttt{cd} without any arguments.
+\end{exercisebox}
+
+\subsection{Modifying directories}
+
+Just like in graphical programs, you can create and delete directories on the
+command line.
+
+\begin{table}[H]
+    \centering
+    \rowcolors{1}{lightblue}{white}
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[%
+        enhanced,
+        fuzzy shadow={1mm}{-1mm}{0mm}{0.1mm}{black!50!white},
+        width=1.0\linewidth,
+        tabularx={>{\centering\arraybackslash}l|>{\centering\arraybackslash}X},
+        title={Commands for modifying directories}]
+        \textbf{Command} & \textbf{Description} \\
+        \texttt{mkdir DIR} & Create a new directory with the given name. \\
+        \texttt{rmdir DIR} & Remove a directory. Will not work with
+            non-empty directories. \\
+        \texttt{rm -r DIR} &  Remove a directory and its contents.
+            {\color{exclamred}Attention! There is no trashcan on the command
+            line!  Files and directories will be deleted irrevocably.} \\
+        \texttt{cp -r SOURCE TARGET} &  Copy a source directory
+            (recursively with all its contents) to a target. \\
+        \texttt{mv SOURCE TARGET} & Move a file or directory.
+            Also used to rename files/directories. \\
+    \end{tcolorbox}%
+    \label{tab2}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{exercisebox}{Creating your first directory}
+    Create a directory for the following exercises (you can call it
+    \texttt{console-toolkit}). Change into that directory and create a file
+    called \texttt{notes}. Then move the exercise file directory you downloaded
+    in task 2.1 into your newly created directory.
+\end{exercisebox}
+
+\subsection{Viewing files}
+If you want to view the contents of a text file, you have the following
+options:
+
+\begin{table}[H]
+    \centering
+    \rowcolors{1}{lightblue}{white}
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[%
+        enhanced,
+        fuzzy shadow={1mm}{-1mm}{0mm}{0.1mm}{black!50!white},
+        width=1.0\linewidth,
+        tabularx={>{\centering\arraybackslash}l|>{\centering\arraybackslash}X},
+        title={Commands for viewing files}]
+        \textbf{Command} & \textbf{Description} \\
+        \texttt{cat FILE} & Output a file to the terminal. \\
+        \texttt{head FILE} & Output the first couple of lines to the terminal. \\
+        \texttt{tail FILE} & Output the last couple of lines to the terminal. \\
+        \texttt{less FILE} & Browse a file in a visual viewer. \\
+    \end{tcolorbox}%
+    \label{tab3}
+\end{table}
+
+\begin{exercisebox}{Log files}
+    \texttt{tail} is often used to inspect errors log files. Use tail to find the
+    last three lines of \texttt{dmesg\_log} (in the exercise files).
+\end{exercisebox}
+
+\hintbox{\texttt{dmesg} is tool to view the log output of your kernel.}
+
+\subsection{Console tips \& tricks}
+
+There are many small things that can make your life when using the terminal
+little bit easier.  Following is a table with the most important keyboard
+shortcuts you can use to speed up your workflow.
+
+\begin{table}[H]
+    \centering
+    \rowcolors{1}{lightblue}{white}
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[%
+        enhanced,
+        fuzzy shadow={1mm}{-1mm}{0mm}{0.1mm}{black!50!white},
+        width=1.0\linewidth,
+        tabularx={>{\centering\arraybackslash}l|>{\centering\arraybackslash}X},
+        title={Terminal keyboard shortcuts}]
+        \keys{\ctrl}+\keys{w} & Delete one word backwards. \\
+        \keys{\ctrl}+\keys{u} & Delete the entire line. \\
+        \keys{\ctrl}+\keys{l} & Clear the terminal. \\
+        \keys{\ctrl}+\keys{a} & Go to the beginning of the line. \\
+        \keys{\ctrl}+\keys{e} & Go to the end of the line. \\
+        \keys{\ctrl}+\keys{c} & Terminate the currently runnig process. \\
+        \keys{\ctrl}+\keys{d} & Quit the shell. \\
+    \end{tcolorbox}%
+    \label{tab4}
+\end{table}
+
+\section{Files \& Permissions}
+
+This section introduces you to basic commands related to files. We will first
+look at a command that can be used for creating empty files.
+
+The \texttt{touch} command is most frequently used for creating new, empty
+files. If you check the manual, you will see that it can also change certain
+file timestamps (access and modification times).
+
+\begin{exercisebox}{The magic touch}
+    Switch to your home directory. Execute \texttt{touch file}. A new file
+    should have been created. Confirm that this is the case.
+\end{exercisebox}
+%
+We already saw \texttt{cat} in the previous section. Anothe